(MS) - Despite the warnings of experts, millions of people continue to go about their days with little concern about sun damage. However, too much sun exposure can significantly damage human skin in varying degrees. Whether you are walking the dog, heading out to the car, sitting indoors by a window or spending time outside when it is cloudy, you are being exposed to harmful UV rays.
The heat of the sun dries out areas of unprotected skin and depletes the skin's supply of natural lubricating oils. In addition, UV radiation can cause burning and long-term changes in the skin's structure, in addition to cancer. Those who have been exposed to the sun long-term may experience extrinsic aging, which is an early aging caused by repeated exposure. The skin may show lines, wrinkling and lose its elasticity. In addition, age or other forms of discoloration marks may appear.
PREVENTION
Taking active steps to shield oneself from the sun is key to keeping skin healthy. Some people are more susceptible to sun damage than others, so they must be extra diligent in their protection efforts. These individuals include fair-skinned people; those who take certain medications such as antibiotics, which may cause heightened sensitivity to the sun; people who live close to the equator or in higher elevations; those with a family history of skin cancer; and those who spend a lot of time outdoors participating in work or recreation activities.
To safeguard the skin, take these measures:
· Cover up - Search for shade at every possible occasion. Wear wide-brimmed hats and firmly woven, loose-fitting, full-length clothing for additional protection. Also, wear sunglasses that block 95 to 100 percent of UV rays to protect the eyes.
· Sunblock - Sun protection should be applied 20 minutes prior to leaving the house, whether indirect or direct sun exposure is expected. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends a product that offers an SPF of 15 or higher with broad-spectrum UVA and UVB protection. Areas to focus on include the face, ears, lips, neck and the scalp if hair is thinning. For extended exposure, reapply every few hours.
· Don't substitute - Some people think that indoor tanning beds are safer than outdoor tanning. This is not the case.
· Watch the clock - The sun is the strongest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., so limit exposure during these times. Try to do outdoor activities in the early morning or in early evening when the sun isn't so powerful.
TREATMENT
There are many people who now wisely take care in the sun, but may have previous sun damage from their youth or when they were less informed. There are a range of treatments for sun damage which include nonprescriptive, prescriptive and cosmetic options. Here's a look at the options:
1. Nonprescriptive: These are typically appropriate if sun damage is very minimal. Such treatments can be purchased at a neighborhood pharmacy.
· Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs): AHAs remove dead skin cells from the surface and increase moisture levels below to create a smoother, more healthy skin tone.
· Antioxidants, like vitamins C and E: These substances work from within to stimulate the formation and support of the skin, including collagen production. They can also be applied topically to lower the appearance of wrinkles and skin discoloration.
· Retinol: This substance is pure vitamin A. It is important in the structure of healthy skin and stimulating the renewal of keratinocytes, which are the cells that synthesize keratin. Keratin is a protein that makes up hair, skin and nails. Retinol can smooth and soften skin.
2. Prescriptive: These treatments are prescribed by a dermatologist based on the severity of skin damage.
· Tretinoin: This gel or cream has been shown to reverse sun damage and smooth the skin in a number of weeks. It can also fade brown spots and improve skin texture.
· Hydroquinones: These topical treatments reduce the production of melanin, the substance which colors the skin and is responsible for tanning. This treatment helps remove overpigmented cells while enhancing skin tone and clarity.
3. Cosmetic: Cosmetic procedures involve a trip to the dermatologist or perhaps a plastic surgeon.
· Chemical peels: A chemical solution is applied to the skin to remove the outer layer. Redness and irritation may occur, but as the skin regenerates, the results may be smoother and softer skin.
· Microdermabrasion: The outer layer of skin is gently scraped away to encourage new growth. Fine lines, discoloration and texture can occur after multiple applications.
· Collagen injections: Injections fill out wrinkles or scarring caused by sun damage. Regular injections may be necessary.
· Laser resurfacing: A laser essentially removes the outer layers of skin to improve appearance.
Recommended Sites
- Great Skin, Great Services, Low Prices - SpaLook.com
- Shop the quality skin products and cosmetics at SkinStore.com.
- All major brands of skincare and makeup, with free worldwide shipping, from StrawberryNET.com
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